锦衣卫

“超级地球”或六光年以外的生命_我的网站

一 | 研究人员发现，六光年之外的巨型超级地球行星可能有简单的生命。巴纳德B（或GJ699B）是一颗最近发现的绕巴纳德轨道运行的超级地球行星，它是离地球最近的第二颗恒星。巴纳德B被认为是极冷的，其温度与欧洲相似，大约在零摄氏度以下150度。但研究人员说，它的铁/镍“核心”温度相当高，地热活动非常强烈。

二 |     

A documentary on the domestically developed Y-20 large transport aircraft family, aired by state media on Wednesday evening, revealed that the Y-20B can switch between transport and aerial refueling functions. A pilot said the aircraft could also take on roles including bomber, early warning aircraft and electronic warfare platform. 
With such modifications, the Y-20B platform offers significant advantages in mission flexibility and support capabilities, a military affairs expert told the Global Times.
According to the video released by state broadcaster CCTV News, since the Y-20 was equipped with the domestically developed high-bypass-ratio turbofan WS-20 engine - nicknamed "Chinese heart" - the Y-20B's mission profile has become more flexible. While it is primarily a transport aircraft, it can be quickly converted into an aerial refueling tanker by adding refueling pods and related kits. The line between transport and tanker aircraft is increasingly blurred, and this has significantly expanded the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) Air Force's tanker fleet.
Previously, a promotional video released by China Military Bugle, an official media account affiliated with the PLA news media center, showed that in 2025, the Y-20B was fitted with the WS-20, making it more powerful, more fuel-efficient, longer-ranged and part of a growing family of aircraft.
In the CCTV documentary, Pang Rongqi, a member of an Air Force aviation unit, said: "As a transport aircraft platform, the Y-20 is unique to our country and will play an increasingly important role in the future. The boundaries between transport aircraft and bombers, early warning aircraft, or even electronic warfare aircraft are becoming increasingly blurred. It is possible that all these missions could be accomplished with our transport aircraft platform."
Song Zhongping, a Chinese military affairs expert, told the Global Times on Thursday that the key message from this official release is that the Y-20B is a multi-role platform capable of rapid switching between transport and refueling functions. 
The fully domestically developed Y-20B itself is an integrated transport-tanker platform, embodying the concept of a multi-role tanker transport (MRTT). By equipping different functional pods, it can quickly change roles: With refueling pods, it becomes a tanker; with electronic jamming pods, it becomes an electronic warfare platform; with bombing modules, it could potentially perform bombing missions; and with early warning modules, it can serve as an airborne early warning platform, Song said.
It is not uncommon internationally to modify transport aircraft for special roles, including bomber-like missions. In March 2021, the US Air Force converted an MC-130J transport aircraft into a bomber by having it drop a JASSM (Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile) deployment box, according to a Forbes report in May 2021. 
Thanks to the Y-20's fully indigenous design, Song said, Chinese engineers have a comprehensive understanding of its aerodynamic configuration, airframe structure, flight control and avionics systems. This means that, as long as the technical conditions are met, modifications can be carried out with greater flexibility and tailored to operational needs. Whether it is a "quick-change" multi-role configuration through pod-based modularization, or deeper modifications, such as installing large radar domes for dedicated early warning aircraft or adding more fuel tanks for dedicated tankers, all can be flexibly achieved.
Song also said that the Y-20B can quickly switch between transport, tanker and electronic warfare roles by mounting different pods, achieving multi-role capability and greatly enhancing the PLA Air Force's mission flexibility and support efficiency.
Its platform potential is vast. It can be deeply modified into dedicated special mission aircraft such as early warning or electronic warfare platforms, filling critical capability gaps in the Air Force. At the same time, it can maintain its basic transport function and, when needed, rapidly transform into other combat platforms through modularization, becoming a true all-rounder.
The core value of this flexibility is that it allows rapid reconfiguration based on wartime mission requirements, while in peacetime it can perform routine transport missions, maximizing equipment effectiveness. The Y-20B's service not only represents a leap in China's strategic projection capability but also provides critical support for the PLA Air Force in building a systematic and diversified air capability, Song noted.
On July 6, 2016, the Y-20, China's domestically developed next-generation large military transport aircraft, officially entered service with PLA Air Force aviation units. A decade later, the Y-20 has evolved from a single transport platform into a family of models including the Y-20A, Y-20B and YU-20 aerial refueling tanker, with its operations extending to more than 40 countries and regions across four continents, according to the Aviation Industry Corporation of China, the aircraft's manufacturer, on its WeChat account in June 2026.
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三 | 维拉诺瓦大学的天体物理学家爱德华·桂南在美国天文学会的一次会议上说：“地热能支持地下生命带，就像南极洲的地下湖泊一样。”“我们知道，欧罗巴的表面温度与巴纳德B的相似。但是由于地热条件，液态水可能会在木卫二冰冷的表面下。如果存在水，地热可能会导致冷地表下存在液态水的“生命带”。

四 | 这种情况与结冰的欧罗巴非常相似。”我们已经把注意力集中在巴纳德身上一段时间了，”约拿说。发现巴纳德B行星最重要的意义是在离太阳最近的两个恒星系统中都有行星。”这支持了先前基于开普勒望远镜数据的研究，即行星在银河系中普遍存在，甚至有数百亿个行星。恩格尔说：“巴纳德B被认为是一颗质量超过地球三倍的岩石行星。巴纳德的寿命大约是太阳的两倍。它已经存在了大约90亿年前，太阳存在了46亿年前。宇宙中的一些行星，即地球的大小，在地球上，甚至在太阳上存在了很长一段时间。巴纳德B的质量是地球的三倍多，其轨道半径与水星的大致相同，在巴纳德（红矮星）周围有233天的轨道周期。

五 | 朱纳说，虽然亮度很低，但将来可能用一个很大的望远镜“拍摄”巴纳德B，“这样的观测将揭示大气、表面和宜居性的特性。”虽然表面温度在零下150度左右，但科学家相信冰下有液态水可以维持生命。巴纳德B被认为是一颗岩石行星，比地球大至少3.2倍。巴纳德B号的主恒星巴纳德距离地球6光年，在天文尺度上距离很短，亮度只有太阳的0.0035倍。离地球最近的唯一恒星系是半人马座阿尔法星，距离地球约4光年。

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Published on:10:41:11